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The
media used in these types of filters are usually artificial
or synthetic materials, such as plastic or foam particles.
The media provide some physical filtration, but the main purpose
is to act as a place for biological material (microorganisms)
to accumulate. The media combine porosity and high surface
area to provide a place for microorganisms. The biological
material uses the nutrients in the wastewater as a food source,
thereby reducing the amount of pollutants in the wastewater.
Typically, these filters are single-pass aerobic filters.
The units can be attached to a tank or stand alone and can
be either gravity-fed or pressurized.
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